:root {
  --bg: #f4f0e8;
  --bg-strong: #e6dccd;
  --surface: rgba(255, 252, 246, 0.8);
  --surface-strong: #fffaf2;
  --text: #1e1d1a;
  --muted: #645f56;
  --line: rgba(30, 29, 26, 0.12);
  --accent: #b54f2d;
  --accent-dark: #7d3119;
  --accent-soft: #f0c9a8;
  --shadow: 0 24px 60px rgba(77, 48, 26, 0.12);
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  color: var(--text);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at top left, rgba(181, 79, 45, 0.16), transparent 30%),
    radial-gradient(circle at top right, rgba(83, 128, 111, 0.16), transparent 24%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #f9f4ec 0%, var(--bg) 52%, #efe6d8 100%);
  font-family: "Manrope", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration-line: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.14em;
}

.page-shell {
  width: min(1180px, calc(100% - 32px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 24px 0 56px;
}

.page-nav {
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.hero {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 0.9fr;
  gap: 28px;
  padding: 20px 0 32px;
}

.topbar {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 250, 242, 0.72);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
}

.brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.brand-logo {
  display: block;
  width: 80px;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 48px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.homepage-logo-preview {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 48px 0 32px;
}

.homepage-logo {
  width: min(420px, 85%);
  height: auto;
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 18px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.nav-links a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hero-copy,
.card,
.contact-strip,
.hero-profile,
.hero-news {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.hero-copy {
  padding: 48px;
  border-radius: 36px;
}

.hero-logo {
  display: block;
  width: min(400px, 64%);
  height: auto;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.news-logo {
  display: block;
  width: 140px;
  height: auto;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.hero-copy h1,
.hero-news h2,
.section-heading h2,
.contact-strip h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Instrument Serif", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 0.95;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.hero-copy h1 {
  font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 5.2vw, 5.4rem);
  margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.hero-news h2 {
  margin-top: 10px;
  font-size: 2rem;
}

.eyebrow,
.section-tag,
.panel-label,
.timeline-year,
.profile-role {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
}

.lede {
  max-width: 48rem;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 30px;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 14px 20px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.button-primary {
  color: #fff8f0;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent) 0%, var(--accent-dark) 100%);
}

.button-secondary {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 250, 242, 0.9);
}

.hero-side {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
  align-self: end;
}

.hero-profile {
  padding: 24px;
  border-radius: 36px;
}

.hero-profile-image {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 24px;
  object-fit: cover;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.hero-profile-copy {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.hero-profile-copy p:last-child {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.hero-news {
  padding: 36px;
  border-radius: 36px;
  background: var(--surface-strong);
  border-color: rgba(30, 29, 26, 0.16);
}

.news-item {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.news-date {
  display: inline-block;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.news-item p {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.hero-stats {
  display: grid;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 24px;
  padding-top: 22px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.section {
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.research-grid,
.timeline,
.topic-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
}

.research-grid,
.timeline,
.topic-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.teaching-list {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.topic-section {
  margin-top: 36px;
}

.research-figure {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 100%;
  padding: 22px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 28px;
  background: var(--surface-strong);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-figure-image {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 18px;
}

.topic-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
}

.topic-card h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
}

.paper-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
}

.paper-list li {
  padding-top: 14px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.paper-list li:first-child {
  padding-top: 0;
  border-top: 0;
}

.paper-list strong {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.paper-list strong a {
  text-decoration-line: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.14em;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.paper-list strong a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  border-color: currentColor;
}

.paper-list span {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 6px;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.card {
  border-radius: 28px;
  padding: 28px;
}

.contact-strip h2,
.section-heading h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.4rem);
}

.research-card p,
.timeline-item p:last-child,
.openings-card p,
.profile-copy p {
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.stat-number {
  display: block;
  font-family: "Instrument Serif", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 2.7rem;
  line-height: 1;
}

.stat-label {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.section-heading {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.research-card h3,
.timeline-item h3,
.profile-copy h3 {
  margin-top: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.profile-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.8fr 1.1fr 0.7fr;
  gap: 24px;
}

.profile-media {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 160px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 22px;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at top right, rgba(181, 79, 45, 0.18), transparent 28%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 250, 242, 0.94), rgba(240, 201, 168, 0.28));
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.profile-image {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.profile-links {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  align-content: start;
}

.profile-links a {
  padding: 14px 16px;
  border-radius: 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 250, 242, 0.82);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.timeline-item {
  min-height: 240px;
}

.openings-card {
  max-width: 860px;
}

.footprint-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 0.9fr;
  gap: 20px;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.footprint-map {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 360px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 36px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(rgba(30, 29, 26, 0.045) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(30, 29, 26, 0.045) 1px, transparent 1px),
    radial-gradient(circle at 30% 28%, rgba(83, 128, 111, 0.18), transparent 22%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 66% 58%, rgba(181, 79, 45, 0.16), transparent 24%),
    var(--surface-strong);
  background-size: 34px 34px, 34px 34px, auto, auto, auto;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.map-dot {
  position: absolute;
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
  border: 3px solid #fffaf2;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 8px rgba(181, 79, 45, 0.14);
}

.dot-boston {
  top: 27%;
  left: 68%;
}

.dot-colorado {
  top: 48%;
  left: 38%;
}

.dot-energy {
  top: 63%;
  left: 55%;
}

.dot-mining {
  top: 70%;
  left: 28%;
}

.map-line {
  position: absolute;
  height: 1px;
  transform-origin: left center;
  background: rgba(125, 49, 25, 0.28);
}

.line-one {
  top: 39%;
  left: 40%;
  width: 210px;
  transform: rotate(-12deg);
}

.line-two {
  top: 63%;
  left: 30%;
  width: 190px;
  transform: rotate(10deg);
}

.map-label {
  position: absolute;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 250, 242, 0.88);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.label-boston {
  top: 18%;
  right: 9%;
}

.label-colorado {
  top: 51%;
  left: 18%;
}

.label-sensors {
  right: 12%;
  bottom: 16%;
}

.footprint-cards {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
}

.footprint-card {
  padding: 22px;
  border-radius: 24px;
}

.footprint-card span {
  display: block;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.footprint-card p {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.outreach-feature {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
}

.outreach-copy h3 {
  margin: 8px 0 10px;
  font-size: 1.6rem;
}

.outreach-copy p:last-child {
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.outreach-figure {
  margin: 0;
}

.outreach-figure-image {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 24px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  background: #ffffff;
}

.contact-strip {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 28px;
  border-radius: 32px;
}

.page-contact {
  margin-top: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 920px) {
  .hero,
  .research-grid,
  .timeline,
  .topic-grid,
  .footprint-grid,
  .profile-card,
  .contact-strip {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .hero {
    display: grid;
  }

  .topbar {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 14px;
    border-radius: 28px;
    padding: 18px;
  }

  .brand {
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .nav-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 10px 14px;
  }

  .nav-links a {
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: rgba(255, 250, 242, 0.9);
  }

  .hero-copy {
    padding: 32px 24px;
  }

  .contact-strip {
    display: grid;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .page-shell {
    width: min(100% - 20px, 1180px);
    padding-top: 10px;
  }

  .hero-copy h1 {
    font-size: 2.8rem;
  }

  .card,
  .hero-profile,
  .hero-news {
    padding: 22px;
  }
}